Grammatical Case Endings and Their Role in Clarifying Meaningful Sentences and Their Equivalents in the Indonesian Language

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
Published: 02-08-2026
Keywords:
i‘rab, contrastive analysis, Arabic syntax, Indonesian language, grammar

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Muhammad Rizqi Alfandi
Institut Muslim Cendekia
Sayyid Hasan Nasela
Institut Muslim Cendekia
Abdul Halim Muhammad
Institut Muslim Cendekia
Farida Nur Rahma
Institut Muslim Cendekia

Abstract

This study examines the role of i‘rab vowel markings in determining syntactic and semantic meaning in Arabic sentences and explores their functional equivalence in Indonesian through a contrastive linguistic approach. Using qualitative descriptive-analytical library research, data were collected from Arabic grammar references, linguistic studies, and prior relevant research. The analysis employed documentation, data reduction, comparative interpretation, and contrastive analysis between Arabic and Indonesian grammatical systems. The findings indicate that i‘rab functions as a central grammatical mechanism in Arabic, identifying syntactic roles such as subject, object, and relational structures even when word order changes. Indonesian, by contrast, relies on fixed sentence structure, word order, and particles rather than morphological inflection. This structural difference significantly contributes to learning difficulties experienced by Indonesian students of Arabic. The study highlights that contrastive analysis offers an effective pedagogical framework for simplifying Arabic grammar instruction, particularly in teaching i‘rab to non-native learners

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Studies

Section

Arabic Language Education
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

You are free to:

  1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
  2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
  3. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

Under the following terms:

  1. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  2. ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
  3. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .

No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.

References

Al-‘Ukbarī, Abū Al-Baqā’ ‘Abdullāh bin Al-Ḥusain. 1992. Masā’il Khilāfiyyah Fī An-Naḥw. Beirut: Dār Asy-Syarq Al-‘Arabī.

Al-Jurjānī, ‘Abd Al-Qāhir. 1992. Dalā’il Al-I‘jāz Fī ‘Ilm Al-Ma‘Ānī. Kairo: Maṭba‘ah Al-Madanī wa Dār Al-Madanī.

Al-Khuli, Muhammad Ali. 1982. At-Taqābul Al-Lughawī Wa Taḥlīl Al-Akhṭā’. Riyadh: Dār Jāmi‘ah Al-Malik Su‘ūd li An-Nasyr.

Ar-Rājihī, Abduh. n.d. ‘Ilm Al-Lughah At-Taṭbīqī Wa Ta‘līm Al-‘Arabiyyah. Kairo: Maktabah ‘Ain Al-Jāmi‘ah.

As-Sāmarrā’ī, Fāḍil Ṣāliḥ. 2000. Ma‘ānī An-Naḥw. Yordania: Dār Al-Fikr li Aṭ-Ṭibā‘ah wa An-Nasyr wa At-Tauzī.

Az-Za‘balāwī, Ṣalāḥuddīn. 1992. Dirāsāt Fī An-Naḥw. Beirut: Dirāsāt fī An-Naḥw.

Az-Zajjājī, Abū Al-Qāsim. 1986. Al-Īḍāḥ Fī ‘Ilal An-Naḥw. Beirut: Dār An-Nafā’is.

Fāris, Aḥmad bin Fāris bin Zakariyyā Ibn. 1997. Aṣ-Ṣāḥibī Fī Fiqh Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyyah Wa Masā’Ilihā Wa Sunan Al-‘Arab Fī Kalāmihā. Beirut: Maktabah Syaamilah.

Hamidy, Farid, Budiansyah Budiansyah, dan Abdul Halim Muhammad. 2025. “Asalib Al-Insya’ Ath-Thalabi in Surah Maryam and Their Utilization in Teaching At-Tadribat Al-Lughawiyah for Second-Year University Students at STIBA Ar Raayah.” Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Studies 7.

Ḥassān, Tammām. 2006. Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyyah Ma‘nāhā Wa Mabnāhā. Kairo: Ālam Al-Kutub.

Ismail, Taufik, dan Abdul Halim Muhammad. 2022. “Dirāsah Taḥlīliyyah Limanhaj Tadrīs At-Tarākīb An-Naḥwiyyah Fī Kitāb Ta‘līm Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyyah Liṣ-Ṣaff Al-Awwal Aṡ-Ṡānawī Liwizārah Asy-Syu’Ūn Ad-Dīniyyah Al-Indūnīsiyyah.” Journal of Arabic Studies 3.

Jinnī, Abū Al-Fatḥ ‘Utsmān Ibn. n.d. Al-Khaṣā’iṣ. Kairo: Al-Hai’ah Al-Miṣriyyah Al-‘Āmmah li Al-Kitāb.

Karsayuda, Rifa’iy, and Abdul Halim Muhammad. 2025. “The Design of Linguistic Exercises Based on the Imperative Form in the Book Al-Hishni Al-Mukhtâr Min Shahîh Al-Adzkâr.” Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Studies 7.

Ṣīnī, Sa‘īd Ismā‘īl. 1994. Qawā‘id Asāsiyyah Fī Al-Baḥṡ Al-‘Ilmī. Beirut: Mu’assasatu ar-Risālah.

Ṭu‘aimah, Aḥmad Rusydī. n.d. Al-Mahārāt Al-Lughawiyyah: Mustawayātuhā, Tadrīsuhā, Ṣu‘Ūbātuhā. Kairo: Maktabah ‘Ain Al-Jāmi‘ah