Productive Waqf for Healthcare Services Conceptual and Field Evidence from Indonesia

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
Published: 28-06-2026
Keywords:
Islamic Social Finance, Productive Waqf, Healthcare Financing, Healthcare Service, hospital

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Ripki Mulia Rahman
Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor, Indonesia

Abstract

Sustainable healthcare financing remains a major structural challenge in Indonesia, particularly for hospitals serving beneficiaries of the national health insurance system. Persistent financial deficits and claim imbalances within the BPJS scheme highlight the urgency of developing alternative and sustainable financing mechanisms for healthcare services. This study aims to formulate a conceptual model of productive waqf integrated with healthcare services, with a specific focus on hospital-based implementation in the Indonesian context. The scope of the research covers both the theoretical foundation and institutional practices of healthcare-related waqf. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach with a qualitative emphasis. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with waqf scholars, hospital practitioners, and health insurance expert, supported by an analysis of relevant institutional and policy documents. The findings reveal that existing healthcare waqf practices are fragmented and predominantly semi-productive, with utilization largely oriented toward consumptive purposes and lacking an integrated institutional framework. This condition limits the long-term sustainability and strategic impact of waqf in healthcare financing. This study offers a novel hospital-based productive waqf model that positions healthcare services as the central platform for sustainable waqf management. The proposed model contributes to the theoretical development of healthcare waqf literature and provides practical insights for policymakers and healthcare institutions in designing sustainable alternative healthcare financing strategies in Indonesia.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Studies

Section

Arabic Language Education
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

You are free to:

  1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
  2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
  3. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

Under the following terms:

  1. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  2. ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
  3. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .

No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.

References

Ascarya, dan Diana Yumanita. 2022. “Integrasi Wakaf Produktif dalam Sistem Keuangan Sosial Islam.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 8 (2): 245–270. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v8i2.1554.

Auda, Jasser. 2015. Maqasid Al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. London: International Institute of Islamic Thought.

BPJS Kesehatan. 2023. Laporan Tahunan BPJS Kesehatan 2023. Jakarta: BPJS Kesehatan.

Chapra, M. Umer. 2008. The Islamic Vision of Development in the Light of Maqasid Al-Shariah. Jeddah: Islamic Research and Training Institute.

Cizakca, Murat. 2011. Islamic Capitalism and Finance: Origins, Evolution and the Future. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Hasan, Zulkifli, dan Mahyuddin Abdullah. 2021. “Waqf-Based Healthcare Financing: Lessons from Muslim Countries.” International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 14 (3): 567–585. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-09-2019-0384.

Kahf, Monzer. 2003. “The Role of Waqf in Improving the Ummah Welfare.” International Seminar on Waqf as a Private Legal Body, Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan.

Kahf, Monzer. 2003. “The Role of Waqf in Improving the Ummah Welfare.” International Seminar on Waqf as a Private Legal Body, Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan.

Kasri, Rahmatina A. 2021. “Governance and Accountability in Waqf Institutions: Evidence from Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 7 (3): 453–474. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v7i3.1357.

McIntyre, Di, Filip Meheus, dan John-André Røttingen. 2017. “What Level of Domestic Government Health Expenditure Should We Aspire to for Universal Health Coverage?” Health Economics, Policy and Law 12 (2): 125–137. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744133116000414.

Mohsin, Magda Ismail Abdel. 2019. Financing through Cash-Waqf: A Revitalization to Finance Different Needs. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

Obaidullah, Mohammed, dan Nasim Shah Shirazi. 2015. Islamic Social Finance Report 2015. Jeddah: Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI), Islamic Development Bank.

Savedoff, William D., et al. 2012. “Transitions in Health Financing and Policies for Universal Health Coverage.” The Lancet 380 (9845): 924–932. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61347-7.

World Health Organization. 2010. Health Systems Financing: The Path to Universal Coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization.