A contrastive study of verbs based on tense between Arabic and Indonesian دراسة تقابلية عن الفعل بناء على الزمن بين اللغة العربية واللغة الإندونيسية
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Abstract
The more similar the mother tongue is to the second or foreign language, the easier the learning process becomes. Conversely, the greater the difference, the more difficult it is. The mother tongue strongly influences the ability to master a second language. Therefore, contrastive analysis can help reduce learning difficulties and prevent language interference. This study aims to identify the similarities and differences in verb usage based on tense between Arabic and Indonesian. It employs a contrastive analysis approach, with data collected through library research and documentation, within a qualitative research framework. The method used is contrastive analysis to compare the verb tense system in both languages and to discover points of similarity and difference. The findings show that both Arabic and Indonesian share three basic tenses: past, present (mudhari’), and future. Tense plays an important role in determining sentence meaning, as well as in the use of temporal adverbs in both languages. The main difference lies in the definition of verbs: in Arabic, verbs are grammatically tied to tense, whereas in Indonesian, tense is indicated by accompanying words without changes in verb form. Arabic is a morphologically rich language, while Indonesian is analytical and context-dependent.
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